翻訳と辞書 Words near each other ・ Methyl pentanoate ・ Methyl phenkapton ・ Methyl phenylacetate ・ Methyl propionate ・ Methyl radical ・ Methyl red ・ Methyl salicylate ・ Methyl tert-butyl ether ・ Methyl thiocyanate ・ Methyl trifluoromethansulfonate ・ Methyl vinyl ether ・ Methyl vinyl ketone ・ Methyl violet ・ Methyl yellow ・ Methyl-1-testosterone ・ Methyl-accepting chemotaxis protein ・ Methyl-CpG-binding domain ・ Methyl-CpG-binding domain protein 2 ・ Methyl-DMA ・ Methyl-DOB ・ Methyl-MMDA-2 ・ Methyl-n-amylnitrosamine ・ Methyl-ONN-azoxymethanol beta-D-glucosyltransferase ・ Methyl-α-D-galactose ・ Methylacetylene-propadiene gas ・ Methylacrylate ・ Methylaluminoxane ・ Methylamide ・ Methylamine ・ Methylamine dehydrogenase (amicyanin) Dictionary Lists mini英和辞書 mini和英辞書 Webster 1913 Latin-English FOLDOC Wikipedia English ウィキペディア

翻訳と辞書　辞書検索 [ 開発暫定版 ] スポンサード リンク Methyl-accepting chemotaxis protein ： ウィキペディア英語版 Methyl-accepting chemotaxis protein Methyl-accepting chemotaxis protein (MCP) is a transmembrane sensor protein of bacteria. Use of the MCP allows bacteria to detect concentrations of molecules in the extracellular matrix so that the bacteria may smooth swim or tumble accordingly. If the bacteria detects rising levels of attractants (nutrients) or declining levels of repellents (toxins), the bacteria will continue swimming forward, or smooth swimming. If the bacteria detects declining levels of attractants or rising levels of repellents, the bacteria will tumble and re-orient itself in a new direction. In this manner, a bacteria may swim towards nutrients and away from toxins Environmental diversity gives rise to diversity in bacterial signalling receptors, and consequently there are many genes encoding MCPs. For example, there are four well-characterised MCPs found in ''Escherichia coli'': Tar (taxis towards aspartate and maltose, away from nickel and cobalt), Tsr (taxis towards serine, away from leucine, indole and weak acids), Trg (taxis towards galactose and ribose) and Tap (taxis towards dipeptides). == Structure == MCPs share similar structure and signalling mechanism. MCPs form dimers. Three dimers of MCP spontaneously form trimers. Trimers are complexed by CheA and CheW into hexagonal lattices. MCPs either bind ligands directly or interact with ligand-binding proteins, transducing the signal to downstream signalling proteins in the cytoplasm. Most MCPs contain: (a) an N-terminal signal peptide that is a transmembrane alpha-helix in the mature protein; (b) a poorly-conserved periplasmic receptor (ligand-binding) domain; (c) a transmembrane alpha-helix; (d) generally one or more HAMP domains and (e) a highly-conserved C-terminal cytoplasmic domain that interacts with downstream signalling components. The C-terminal domain contains the methylated glutamate residues. MCPs undergo two covalent modifications: deamidation and reversible methylation at a number of glutamate residues. Attractants increase the level of methylation, while repellents decrease it. The methyl groups are added by the methyl-transferase CheR and are removed by the methylesterase CheB. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Methyl-accepting chemotaxis protein」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.